PLoS Pathog：發現蝙蝠體內新病毒-松灣病毒

然而，這項初步研究發現一種顯著性不同的關鍵差別：松灣病毒並不導致正常條件下對亨德拉病毒和尼帕病毒敏感的幾種動物患病。這種引人關注的差別可能有助於科學家們理解如何更好地管理和控制與松灣病毒親緣關係比較近的致命性病毒。2012年8月2日，相關研究結果在線發表在PLoS Pathogens期刊上。這項新發現可能也在保護動物和人類免受亨德拉病毒和尼帕病毒感染中也發揮潛在的影響。

不過，人們仍然不能過早排除松灣病毒可能導致馬和其他動物患病和死亡的可能性。

科學家們已經鑒定出蝙蝠在傳播包括埃博拉病毒、>、SARS病毒和>(Melaka virus)在內的病毒當中發揮著作用，然而它們也是我們多樣性生態系統中一個至關重要的部分：它們作為傳粉者、種子傳播者和昆蟲調節者發揮作用。

Cedar Virus: A Novel Henipavirus Isolated from Australian Bats

The genus Henipavirus in the family Paramyxoviridae contains two viruses, Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) for which pteropid bats act as the main natural reservoir. Each virus also causes serious and commonly lethal infection of people as well as various species of domestic animals, however little is known about the associated mechanisms of pathogenesis. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of a new paramyxovirus from pteropid bats, Cedar virus (CedPV), which shares significant features with the known henipaviruses. The genome size (18,162 nt) and organization of CedPV is very similar to that of HeV and NiV; its nucleocapsid protein displays antigenic cross-reactivity with henipaviruses; and it uses the same receptor molecule (ephrin- B2) for entry during infection. Preliminary challenge studies with CedPV in ferrets and guinea pigs, both susceptible to infection and disease with known henipaviruses, confirmed virus replication and production of neutralizing antibodies although clinical disease was not observed. In this context, it is interesting to note that the major genetic difference between CedPV and HeV or NiV lies within the coding strategy of the P gene, which is known to play an important role in evading the host innate immune system. Unlike HeV, NiV, and almost all known paramyxoviruses, the CedPV P gene lacks both RNA editing and also the coding capacity for the highly conserved V protein. Preliminary study indicated that CedPV infection of human cells induces a more robust IFN-β response than HeV.

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