NEJM：肥胖兒童人數，中國為世界第一

文章發表在2017年的NEJM (IF72.405)雜誌(在線發表時間為6月12日，發表為7月6日)，文章題目是：Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries over 25 Years。研究發現：肥胖兒童人數和成年人人數，中國分別為世界第一和第二。

以下是文章首頁：

全球肥胖流行情況越來越嚴重，也受到了許多國家廣泛關注，但這種關注對肥胖趨勢和疾病負擔的影響仍然不確定。

本文作者分析了6850萬人的數據，以評估1980至2015年間兒童和成人超重和肥胖患病率的趨勢。同時，文章作者還根據1990至2015的195個國家的人群數據，對年齡、性別、病因和BMI等因素，量化了與有關的疾病負擔。

結果發現，在2015年，共有1億770萬名兒童和6億370萬名成年人肥胖。自1980以來，在70多個國家，肥胖症的患病率翻了一番，而且在其他大多數國家不斷增加。雖然兒童肥胖的發生率低於成人，但許多國家兒童肥胖率的增長率大於成人肥胖率的增加。超過三分之二的高BMI導致的死亡是由於心血管疾病。與高BMI有關的疾病負擔自1990以來有所增加；然而，由於心血管疾病死亡率的下降，這一增長率有所下降。

文章的結論是，體重指數升高的患病率和疾病負擔迅速增加。那麼，中國是什麼情況呢？

若僅僅是從肥胖率來看，中國無論兒童還是成人，其在全世界都只算中等（埃及成年人肥胖率為35%）。但是，從總數量上來看，中國人的肥胖總人數，兒童是世界第一，成年人是第二。另外一個問題就是，中國肥胖率升高速度是全世界最快的幾個國家之一。

In 2015, China and India had the highest numbers of obese children, whereas the United States and China had the highest numbers of obese adults.

以下是文章摘要：

BACKGROUND

Although the rising pandemic of obesity has received major attention in many countries, the effects of this attention on trends and the disease burden of obesity remain uncertain.

METHODS

We analyzed data from 68.5 million persons to assess the trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adults between 1980 and 2015. Using the Global Burden of Disease study data and methods, we also quantified the burden of disease related to high body-mass index (BMI), according to age, sex, cause, and BMI in 195 countries between 1990 and 2015.

RESULTS

In 2015, a total of 107.7 million children and 603.7 million adults were obese. Since 1980, the prevalence of obesity has doubled in more than 70 countries and has continuously increased in most other countries. Although the prevalence of obesity among children has been lower than that among adults, the rate of increase in childhood obesity in many countries has been greater than the rate of increase in adult obesity. High BMI accounted for 4.0 million deaths globally, nearly 40% of which occurred in persons who were not obese. More than two thirds of deaths related to high BMI were due to cardiovascular disease. The disease burden related to high BMI has increased since 1990; however, the rate of this increase has been attenuated owing to decreases in underlying rates of death from cardiovascular disease.

CONCLUSIONS

The rapid increase in the prevalence and disease burden of elevated BMI highlights the need for continued focus on surveillance of BMI and identification, implementation, and evaluation of evidence-based interventions to address this problem. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.)

參考文獻

GBD 2015 Obesity Collaborators, Afshin A, Forouzanfar MH, et al. Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries over 25 Years. N Engl J Med. 2017 Jul 6;377(1):13-27. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1614362. Epub 2017 Jun 12.

希望各位醫生朋友能夠繼續喜歡我們「解說國自然」公眾號接下來各個板塊的內容。

最後，祝賀2017年獲得NSFC資助的醫生朋友們！

關注「解說國自然」，只需要掃碼以下二維碼即可：

喜歡這篇文章嗎？立刻分享出去讓更多人知道吧！