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Fewer US teens are experimenting with harddrugs

越來越少的美國青少年在嘗試使用硬毒品

Use of MDMA, heroin, and amphetamines by junior and high school students dropped in 2015, following a long-term pattern of decline.

在長期下降模式的指導下,在2015年,使用MDMA(搖頭丸)、海洛因和安非他明等毒品的學生人數下降了。

Teenage use of several of types ofdrugsdropped in 2015 though marijuana useremainedthe same, according to a recent survey. Alcohol and cigarette use are at their lowest level since the study waslaunched, according to Monitoring the Future, an organization that has beentrackingsubstance abuse trends since 1975.

drugsn. 毒品,[葯] 藥物

remainv. 保持;依然

launchv. 發射(導彈、火箭等);發起

trackv. 追蹤;通過

根據最近的一項調查,2015年青少年使用的幾種毒品數量急劇下降,雖然大麻的使用人數仍舊保持不變。自1975年以來,一直追蹤藥物濫用趨勢的組織-「未來監測」(Monitoring the Future)稱,自該研究啟動以來,酒精和香煙的使用率一直處於最低水平。

The report wascompiledby University of Michigan researchers at the Institute for Social Research and was funded by the National Institute on DrugAbuse. Monitoring the Future uses survey information from teenagers attending 400 junior or senior high schools in 48 states. The study found the use ofillegaldrugs like heroin, amphetamines, and MDMA, which is sometimesreferred to as"ecstasy" or "Molly," also dropped this year, the group said in a statement released on Wednesday.

compilev. 編譯;編製

abusev. 濫用;虐待

illegaladj. [法] 非法的;違法的

refer to as把…稱作…

該報告由密歇根大學社會研究所的研究人員編製,並由國家藥物濫用研究所資助。「未來監測」使用來自48個州的400名初中或高中學生的調查信息。該研究小組在周三發布的一份聲明中稱,該研究發現使用非法藥物如海洛因、安非他明和MDMA(有時被稱為「搖頭丸」或「茉莉」。)的數量在今年有所下降。

While marijuana use equaled last year』s numbers, the number of students who reported drinking alcohol in 2015declined, following along-termpattern. The researchers said 17 percent of high school students in their senior year reportedbinge drinking, while 11 percent of tenth-graders and 5 percent of eighth-graders did. Lloyd Johnston, the study"s lead investigator, says the downward trend for alcohol began a decade ago when the percentage of students who reported binge drinking wasdoublethe 2015 figures of 11 percent.

declinev. 下降;衰落

long-termadj. 長期的;從長遠來看

binge drinkingn.酗酒;豪飲

doublev. 使…加倍

儘管大麻的使用與去年持平,但在長期模式下,2015年飲酒的學生數量有所下降。研究人員稱,在高中高年級的學生中,有17%的人說他們有過酗酒,而有11%的十年級學生和5%的八年級學生也有過類似經歷。該研究的首席調查員勞埃德·約翰斯頓說,酒精的下降趨勢是始於10年前,當時有報告稱酗酒的學生比例是2015年11%的兩倍。

「The recentpeakrate inannualprevalenceof alcohol use was in 1997, at 61 percent for the three grades combined,」 he said in apress release. 「Since then, there has been a fairly steady downward march in alcohol use amongadolescents. The rate has fallen by about a third, to 40 percent.」 Professor Johnston says part of the reason for the decline may be because alcohol is more difficult for underage drinkers toobtain, though not impossible. He also noted that drug use tends rise and fall in acyclical pattern.

peakn. 山峰;最高點

annualadj. 年度的;每年的

prevalencen. 流行;普遍

press release新聞發布

adolescentn. 青少年 adj. 青春期的;未成熟的

obtainv. 獲得

cyclical pattern[統計] 循環模式

他在一次新聞發布會上說:「最近一次酒精使用率的高峰是在1997年,在這三個學生等級中,酗酒學生比例高達達到61%。」自那以後,青少年飲酒的趨勢一直在穩步下降。這一比例現為40%,下降了約三分之一。約翰斯頓教授說,下降的部分原因可能是因為未成年人更難獲得酒精了,儘管獲得酒精並不是什麼不可能的事。他還指出,藥物的使用呈周期性上升和下降趨勢。

「There is a lot of good news in this year"s results, but the problems of teen substance use and abuse are still far from going away,」 Johnston said.

約翰斯頓說:「雖然今年的研究結果給大家帶來了很多好消息,但是青少年藥物濫用的問題還十分嚴峻。」

文章來源:

https://www.csmonitor.com/The-Culture/Family/2015/1217/Fewer-US-teens-are-experimenting-with-hard-drugs

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