法國Theodore Gouvy劇場

由專築網王沛儒，李韌編譯

由設計師提供的文字描述：Freyming-Merlebach是一個有著豐富工業歷史的小鎮，這裡在19世紀由煤礦業發展帶動。

Text description provided by the architects. Freyming-Merlebach is a town with a substantial industrial past, in a part of Lorraine that developed in the 19th century, driven by the coalmining industry.

自從20世紀90年代煤礦業關閉以來，法國東北部的這一地區的失業率急劇增加，文化被視為一種可能解決伴隨社會和經濟困難出現的問題解決方法。Freyming-Merlebach的劇院已經無法使用，地下隧道的廢棄導致地面出現一些裂縫。有500個座位的舊禮堂需要更換，而且在現在看來它也太小了。

Since the closure of the mines in the 1990s, this part of north-eastern France has seen a sharp increase in unemployment, and culture is seen as one possibility for resolving the accompanying social and economic difficulties in the town, as has been the case in the neighbouring Ruhr region. The historic theatre in Freyming-Merlebach had deteriorated, and a number of cracks appeared as the result of disused underground tunnels. The old 500-seat auditorium needed to be replaced, and it had also become too small.

底層平面圖/Ground Floor Plan

圖解/Diagram Stage

當地政府決定通過「Théodore Gouvy」劇院的建設來帶動地塊的發展。市政當局熱衷於對這一不斷發展的領域給予新的推動，而且這個領域離市中心、旁邊的新市政廳和購物中心都很近。這是一個突出的位置，有足夠的停車容量供觀眾使用。劇院已成為這個小鎮的復興象徵，它為市中心創造一個新的公共空間。劇院的功能多種多樣，演出覆蓋生活的各個領域，其中有古典戲劇、當代戲劇、音樂劇、歌劇、舞蹈等。「Théodore Gouvy」劇院設置有700個座位的禮堂，還有周到的後勤服務場所。

The site decided on for the 『Théodore Gouvy』 theatre is on the Place des Alliés, in Freyming-Merlebach. The municipal authorities were keen to give a new boost to this evolving sector, which is close to the town centre and next to the new town hall and a shopping centre. It is a prominent location, with sufficient parking capacity for the use of audiences. The theatre has become a symbol of the town』s renewal, and its position is generating a new public space in the town centre. The theatre』s programming is pluri-disciplinary, covering every area of live performance: classical theatre (including the use of large-scale sets), contemporary theatre, musical theatre and opera, dance, etc. The 『Théodore Gouvy』 theatre offers local residents a 700-seat auditorium, with dedicated areas for performers and logistics.

劇院與城市建立了活躍的對話環境，塑造自身以適應當時邏輯和社會背景。建築基地位於市政廳的旁側，有著不規則的流線形態，這也確保了不同功能區域之間的視覺過渡，看上去像是一個縮小版的城鎮。體量的變化深深吸引著遊客，在上部空間，門廳很好地指引入口方向，而在下部，透明元素的使用讓使用者能夠看到內部豐富的流線。

The theatre sets up an energetic dialogue with the heterogeneous urban landscape, shaping itself to fit the context and logic of the existing flows. It stands on a base, alongside the new municipal offices; its unusual shape and dimensions give it an steamlined silhouette, the lines of which ensure visual transition between the various parts of the programme while keeping on the same scale as the town. The visitor』s interest is caught by the animation of the volumes: in the upper part, the foyer is offset to indicate the entrance, while in the lower part, transparent elements allow glimpses of the wealth of interior routes and invite the visitor to enter.

剖面圖/Section 05

門廳佔據了一個垂直空間，通過一個明顯交織的樓梯通向禮堂。斜向線條強調了建築的幾何形態，創造獨特的空間感。

The foyer occupies a vertical space with a route through an apparent intertwining of staircases leading to the auditorium. Oblique lines reiterating the complex geometry of the site cause spaces to expand, creating a feeling of space.

未經處理的石膏和柔軟的鋪地讓人感到放鬆舒適。自然光增強了各種視覺感，使建築的形狀和尺寸更加突出，建築流線更加充滿戲劇性。

The uniformity of the untreated plaster and the softness of the carpeted floor contribute to the feeling of being in some kind of cocoon. Natural light enhances the various faces and reveals the building』s shape and dimensions.

The route to reach the auditorium is therefore deliberately spectacular and theatrical.

禮堂與建築表皮形成了強烈的對比，為小鎮呈現出一座潔白無暇的建築，而門廳是米色。擁有700個座位的禮堂觀眾席與休息室相互呼應，紅色、粉色和橙色給空間增加了密度，這是項目的主要特徵，表演的理念通過色彩體現它的神聖性。

The auditorium is in strong contrast with the nuanced surfaces of the outer envelope. The building presents the town with an immaculate white facade, while the foyer is in shades of beige. The 700-seat auditorium constitutes a complete break with the foyers. Red, pink and orange lend density to the space, affirming it as the main feature of the project, with colour sanctuarising the idea of performance.

在700多個座位的觀眾席有著最佳的觀影視角，最遠的觀眾距離舞台只有二十米。門廳和公共區域都充滿了自然光，白天的光照隨著太陽的變化而變化。整個動態空間呼應了戲劇的意象。

Visibility is optimised in the 700 seat auditorium: the most distant spectator is only twenty metres from the front of the stage. The foyer and public areas are flooded with natural light, varying throughout the day with the course of the sun. This evolutive, dynamic spatial staging echoes the very image of the theatre.

「Théodore Gouvy」劇院提供了卓越的聲學和舞台藝術性能，舞台上方空間高24米，還有兩個分別是17米和19.5米高的小空間，那裡是上部廊道和天橋。這些技術配件分布在22米 x 14米的舞台上，舞台台口的測量尺寸為14 x 9米。

The 『Théodore Gouvy』 theatre offers exceptional acoustic and stagecraft properties; the stage house is 24 metres high, with a grid at a height of 17 metres and an upper grid at a height of 19.50 metres, a catwalk, and two bridges. These technical fittings are arranged around a stage measuring 22 x 14 meters with a proscenium measuring 14 x 9 metres.

場地平面圖/Site Plan

圖解/Diagram Void

一層平面圖/First Floor Plan

二層平面圖/Second Floor Plan

立面圖/Elevations

建築設計事務所：Dominique Coulon & associés

位置：法國

主創建築師：Dominique Coulon, Olivier Nicollas

面積：2850.0平方米

項目時間：2017年

照片：Eugeni Pons, David Romero-Uzeda, Thibaut Muller

助理建築師：Jean Scherer, David Romero-Uzeda, Ali Ozku, Fanny Liénart, Grégoire Stouck

合作者：Olivier Nicollas

施工監理：Olivier Nicollas

結構工程：Batiserf

機械管道工程師：Solares Bauen

電氣工程師：BET G. Jost

成本控制和監測：E3 Economie

高級環境質量顧問：Solares Bauen

聲學顧問：Euro Sound Project

透視圖製作：Changement à vue

道路設施：Lollier Ingénierie

建築公司：土方工程道路工程(COLAS)，結構(CARI-FAYAT)，金屬結構(ERTCM)，防水工程(COUVREST)，外鋼細木工(SOCOMET)，通風外牆(DEOBAT)，金屬(MULLER)，室內細木工傢具（Jung），抹灰工程（Nespola+Werey Stenger），膠合板地板（SGR），瓷磚地板和牆壁（多服務），室內油漆清洗（DEBRA），電梯設計與安裝（ASCLEC），腳手架安裝（KAPP），電力系統設計（ETA），供暖通風設計（Schaeffer），給排水設計（(LORRY），機械場景工程（CAIRE），舞台場景幕布（AZUR SCENIC），劇院扶手椅（Delagrave），現場照明和視聽系統（SystemESON）

委託方：Communauté de communes Freyming-Merlebach

? Architects: Dominique Coulon & associés

? Location: 1 Pl. des Alliés, 57800 Freyming-Merlebach, France

? Architects in Charge: Dominique Coulon, Olivier Nicollas

? Area: 2850.0 m2

? Project Year: 2017

? Photographs: Eugeni Pons, David Romero-Uzeda, Thibaut Muller

? Project Architects assistants: Jean Scherer, David Romero-Uzeda, Ali Ozku, Fanny Liénart, Grégoire Stouck

? Competition: Olivier Nicollas

? Construction supervision: Olivier Nicollas

? Structural engineering: Batiserf

? Mechanical Plumbing Engineer: Solares Bauen

? Electrical Engineer: BET G. Jost

? Cost control and monitoring: E3 Economie

? HQE (high environmental quality) consultant: Solares Bauen

? Acoustic: Euro Sound Project

? Scenographer: Changement à vue

? Roads and networks: Lollier Ingénierie

? Construction companies: Earthwork road works (COLAS), Structure (CARI-FAYAT), metal structure (ERTCM), water proofing (COUVREST), exterior steel joinery (SOCOMET), ventilated facades (DEOBAT), metal works (MULLER), interior wood joinery – furniture (JUNG), plastering (NESPOLA + WEREY STENGER), glued floors (SGR), tiles floors and walls (MULTI SERVICES), interior painting cleaning (DEBRA), elevators (ASCELEC), scaffolding (KAPP), electricity (ETA), heating ventilation (SCHAEFFER), plombing and drainage (LORRY), Lockmithing, machinery and scenic carpentry (CAIRE), scenic curtains and drapes (AZUR SCENIC), theater armchairs (DELAGRAVE), scenic lighting and audiovisual (SYSTEME SON)

? Client: Communauté de communes Freyming-Merlebach

喜歡這篇文章嗎？立刻分享出去讓更多人知道吧！