牽手的力量不可小覷:緊握愛人之手可緩解疼痛
上周發表在美國《國家科學院學報》月刊上的一項研究結果說,與處於痛苦之中的愛人牽手,不僅讓你們的呼吸和心率同步,連你們的腦波模式也會耦聯起來。
GIF
The study, by researchers with the University of Colorado Boulder and University of Haifa, also found that the more empathy a comforting partner feels for a partner in pain, the more their brainwaves fall into sync. And the more those brain waves sync, the more the pain goes away.
美國科羅拉多大學博爾德分校和以色列海法大學的研究人員開展的這項研究發現,實施安撫的夥伴對處於痛苦之中的對方越感同身受,他們的腦波就越同步。而他們的腦波越同步,痛苦者疼痛減輕的幅度就越大。
科羅拉多大學博爾德分校博士後研究人員帕維爾·戈德斯坦,在妻子分娩時,發現握著她的手能減輕其疼痛。隨後,他想到做這項實驗。
He and his colleagues at University of Haifa recruited 22 heterosexual couples, age 23 to 32 who had been together for at least one year and put them through several two-minute scenarios as electroencephalography (EEG) caps measured their brainwave activity. The scenarios included sitting together not touching; sitting together holding hands; and sitting in separate rooms. Then they repeated the scenarios as the woman was subjected to mild heat pain on her arm.
戈德斯坦及海法大學研究者招募了22對年齡在23至32歲、相伴至少一年的異性伴侶,讓他們經歷幾個場景,每個場景歷時兩分鐘,同時用腦電圖描記儀測量他們的腦波活動。這些場景包括坐在一起,但不觸碰;手拉手坐在一起;分別坐在不同的房間里。然後在女方胳膊遭受輕度熱痛的情況下,讓這些伴侶再次經歷這些場景。
Merely being in each other』s presence, with or without touch, was associated with some brain wave synchronicity in the alpha mu band, a wavelength associated with focused attention. If they held hands while she was in pain, the coupling increased the most.
只要伴侶在場,不管有沒有接觸,與注意力相關的頻帶就顯示出某種腦波同步性。如果在女方疼痛時兩人手拉手,這種耦聯增幅就最大。
而當女方疼痛但男方不能觸碰時,他們腦波耦聯就消失了。這與之前發表的一篇論文的研究結果相吻合,在那項實驗中,當男性參與者無法握住配偶的手來緩解她的疼痛時,她的心率和呼吸同步消失了。
"It appears that pain totally interrupts this interpersonal synchronization between couples and touch brings it back," says Goldstein.
戈德斯坦說:「疼痛似乎完全打斷了夫妻之間的這種人際同步,而身體接觸又把它帶回來了。」
GIF
對男方共情水平的後續測試結果顯示,男方對女方的疼痛越感同身受,他們的腦活動越同步。雙方大腦越同步,女方痛苦消退得越多。與共情伴侶的腦活動耦聯究竟如何能消除疼痛呢?
More studies are needed to find out, stressed Goldstein. But he and his co-authors offer a few possible explanations. Empathetic touch can make a person feel understood, which in turn -- according to previous studies -- could activate pain-killing reward mechanisms in the brain.
戈德斯坦強調,需要進行更多的研究才能找到答案。但他和他的合著者提供了幾個可能的解釋。比如共情觸碰會讓人覺得被理解,進而——根據此前的一些研究結果——可以激發腦中的止痛獎勵機制。
所以小夥子們,當女票例假疼痛難忍的時候,除了讓她多喝熱水,你還可以緊握她的手,分擔一點她的疼痛。
————每日學英語————
可以在線查詞、翻譯、學習精彩英語短句、搜索海量英語學習資料
TAG:每日英語 |