VOA常速英語-本世紀末，非洲將迎來世界上第一座人口達一億的城市
By the end of the century, the world』s population is forecast to reach up to 14 billion.
到本世紀末，世界人口預計將達到140億。
Eighty percent of those people will be living in cities, according to new research.
新研究表明，這些人中將有80％居住在城市。
We』re now seeing the urbanization wave heading through China.
現在我們看到城市化浪潮席捲中國，
It is toward the latter part of its urbanization.
中國進入了城市化的後期發展階段。
And now it is headed for India, and then we』ll see it culminate in the big cities of sub-Saharan Africa.
印度也在經歷著城市化，然後我們會看到城市化在撒哈拉以南非洲的大城市中達到高潮。
That could mean the first 100-million city, the top candidate is Lagos, Nigeria.
這意味著奈及利亞的拉各斯最可能成為第一個擁有1億人口的城市。
Today its population is 20 million, not the biggest half the size of Tokyo but one of the fastest growing.
拉各斯人口如今有2000萬，沒有擁有人口最多城市——東京人口的一半多，但其增長速度是最快的。
In two generations, Lagos has grown one hundredfold.
在兩代人中，拉各斯人口已增長了一百倍。
By 2100 it is projected to be home to more people than the whole of California.
預計到2100年，它將擁有比整個加州的還要多的人口。
「Lagos, Dar Es Salaam, Kinshasa: These are the cities that are looking at four to five fold increases in population.
「拉各斯，達累斯薩拉姆，金沙薩：這些城市的人口都增長了四到五倍。
By the end of the century, the lion』s share of large cities will be the top 20
到本世紀末，擁有最多大城市的地區，
if you will, most of those will be in Africa.」
可以說人口排名前20或大多數人口最多的城市，大部分將在非洲。
Lagos sprawls across 1,000 square kilometers, an urban jungle of skyscrapers, shanty towns and everything in between.
拉各斯拓展到了1000平方公里，成為了摩天大樓，棚戶區，和二者之間的都市叢林。
Its population grows by 900 people per day.
其每天增長約900人。
The poorest residents, often migrant communities, live in slums by the lagoon.
最貧窮的居民，往往是住在瀉湖邊的貧民窟里的移民。
Amnesty International has warned of ruthless forced evictions to make way for new developments,
國際特赦組織警告說，為了給新的發展創造條件，
which they claim have left more than 30,000 people homeless and 11 dead.
無情的強行驅逐已造成11人死亡，3萬多人無家可歸。
「The threat of being evicted, the threat of being chased away overnight
「被驅逐的威脅，一夜之間被趕走的威脅，
has gripped people to the extent that they cannot even work or operate or do anything in this area,」
甚至已經使人們無法在這個領域工作活動，」
Across Africa the median age is under 20, the fertility rate is 4.4 births
整個非洲的平均年齡在20歲以下，生育率為4.4%，
and Africans are becoming increasingly urban even small cities are forecast to balloon in size.
非洲的的城市化進程不斷推進，即使是小城市的規模也有望擴大。
Niamey in Niger could grow from under 1 million today to 46 million by the end of the century;
尼日的尼亞美人口有望從現在的不到100萬增長到本世紀末的4600萬;
Blantyre in Malawi from 1 to 40 million.
馬拉維的布蘭太爾人口將從100萬增加到4000萬。
Asia, too, will witness huge urban growth;
亞洲也將經歷巨大的城市增長;
Kabul Afghanistan is projected to hit 50 million people.
阿富汗喀布爾人口預計將達到5000萬。
Despite the associated problems of slums, poor sanitation and pollution Hoornweg says,
Hoornweg認為，儘管存在貧民窟、衛生條件差和污染等相關問題，
increasing urbanization can be a good thing.
但城市化的發展仍是一件好事。
Cities, by their nature, because of our more compact lifestyle,
由於我們更緊湊的生活方式，
can provide a quality of life higher than anywhere else with less energy per this per unit of GDP.
城市本質上可以提供比其他地方更高的生活質量，每單位GDP的能源消耗更少。
So cities actually provide a really important opportunity.
因此，城市實際上提供了一個非常重要的機會。
We won』t get to global sustainability without big cities.
沒有大城市，我們就無法實現全球可持續發展。
Many cities in the West are predicted to plateau or decline in size.
預計許多西方城市將處於停滯狀態達到瓶頸或面積不斷縮小。
By the end of the century, only 14 of the biggest 100 are forecast to be in North America or Europe.
到本世紀末，100個最大的城市中，可能僅有14個位於北美或歐洲。
Henry Ridgwell for VOA news London.
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