centos7安裝mysql8.0
首先到官網站點下載mysql源碼或源文件：
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
因為8.0版本是當前最新版本，如果用源碼編譯安裝的話不確定是不是很穩定，官方也不是很推薦編譯安裝，所以我這裡直接選擇了用rpm安裝：
我的系統是centos7 64位，所以我選擇了
Red Hat Enterprise Linux/Oracle Linux系列
我下載了捆綁完整包：
mysql-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
查詢系統是否已經安裝過mysql
因為我之前安裝過一遍，所以rpm 查詢到已安裝包列表：
[root@jordy jordy]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-community-client-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64
卸載：
按一定順序（因包之間有相互依賴）卸載即可：
rpm -e mysql-community-server-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_6
rpm -e mysql-community-client-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64
rpm -e mysql-community-libs-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64
rpm -e mysql-community-common-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64
查看是否卸載成功：
用rpm -qa 查看，已經卸載完畢：
root@jordy jordy]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@jordy jordy]#
然後我們正式開始安裝：
cd /usr/local/src/mysql/mysql-8.0/rpm
[root@jordy rpm]# ll
total 1179692
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 603985920 Apr 9 01:20 mysql-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 26760484 Apr 9 01:06 mysql-community-client-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 549512 Apr 9 01:06 mysql-community-common-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 4221784 Apr 9 01:06 mysql-community-devel-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 24343708 Apr 9 01:06 mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 2349488 Apr 9 01:06 mysql-community-libs-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 2156516 Apr 9 01:06 mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 119957152 Apr 9 01:06 mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 357581528 Apr 9 01:07 mysql-community-server-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 20562556 Apr 9 01:07 mysql-community-server-minimal-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 45494324 Apr 9 01:07 mysql-community-test-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
開始安裝每個部分：
[root@jordy rpm]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-common-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-common-8.0.11-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@jordy rpm]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-libs-8.0.11-1.el7################################# [100%]
[root@jordy rpm]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.1################################# [100%
[root@jordy rpm]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-client-8.0.11-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@jordy rpm]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-server-8.0.11-1.e################################# [100%]
初始化
為mysql創建一個用戶
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
開始初始化：
[root@jordy mysql]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
2018-05-26T09:42:36.423053Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.11) initializing of server in progress as process 32607
2018-05-26T09:42:36.426303Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010457] [Server] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2018-05-26T09:42:36.426348Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting
2018-05-26T09:42:36.426674Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.11) MySQL Community Server - GPL.
看到報錯了，初始化出現abort錯誤，是因為之前卸載後對應的data目錄並沒有被清空，這個時候我們去my.cnf里查看下用rpm安裝的mysql，默認的data目錄的位置是哪裡：
打開 vim /etc/my.cnf 看到：datadir=/var/lib/mysql
則證明數據目錄的默認子目錄是 /var/lib/mysql
直接刪除：rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
然後重新初始化：
[root@jordy mysql]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
ok，沒有任何報錯，初始化完畢；
這個時候，mysql默認會在/var/log/mysqld.log 文件中記錄日誌，還會生成一個臨時的默認密碼，如：
2018-05-26T09:45:49.906507Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: fdx,U_lk*8oi
啟動mysqld服務
[root@jordy mysql]# systemctl start mysqld.service
啟動成功後，核對下是否正常：
[root@jordy mysql]# ps -ef | grep mysqld | grep -v grep
mysql 32694 1 2 17:49 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld
[root@jordy mysql]#
ok
登錄mysql（用剛才生成的臨時密碼：fdx,U_lk*8oi）
[root@jordy mysql]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.11
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type "help;" or "h" for help. Type "c" to clear the current input statement.
然後我們修改一下密碼：
mysql> alter user "root"@"localhost" identified by "111111";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
然後查看系統默認的表：
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
退出：
mysql> quit;
Bye
修改下默認埠號：
vim /etc/my.cnf
找到 [mysqld] 增加port=2810
重啟服務：
[root@jordy mysql]# systemctl restart mysqld.service
ok 到這裡基本就安裝完畢，關於mysql的配置文件以及詳細的關鍵配置項的講解和說明，大家可以在留言區留言，我會一一回復；除此，後續的專題如涉及到my.cnf中的關鍵配置項，也會順便補充說明；
歡迎大家多多關注我的公眾號：【jordy的世界】
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