9座大型體育場——細節設計
體育場 - 新建或改造 - 提供卓越和創新的大型建築實例；他們需要為成千上萬的人提供住所，包括他們主辦的競賽的運動員。 除了與運動有關的技術方面和考慮因素外，這些結構還應用了有趣的包覆系統，甚至一些體育場還產生了所需的能量。
Stadiums —new or remodeled— provide excellent and innovative examples of architecture on a large scale; they are required to shelter thousands of people, including the athletes of the games they host. In addition to the technical aspects and considerations related to sports, these structures apply interesting cladding systems, with some stadiums even generating the energy needed to function.
以下是九大大型體育場實例：
1、拜沙達體育場/ carlosarcosarquite（c）tura
庫里提巴，巴西
2014年巴西世界盃改造和擴建，拜沙達體育場面積為126836平方米，容量為42,417。 它的設計靈感來自「照明盒」的概念，通過一個易於組裝的構件系統連接現有的結構。 所使用的材料被標準化以實現內外部之間的某種亮度、滲透性和半透明性。
特色標誌：聚碳酸酯。
Arena da Baixada / carlosarcosarquite(c)tura
Curitiba, Brazil
Remodeled and expanded for the 2014 Brazil World Cup, the Arena da Baixada is a 126,836 square meter stadium with a capacity of 42,417. Its design is inspired by the "illuminated box" concept, joining the existing structure through a system of easily assembled components. The materials used were standardized to achieve a certain lightness, permeability, and translucency between the interior and exterior.
* Featured Tag: Polycarbonate.
2、Chinquihue體育場/Cristian Fernandez Arquitectos
智利蒙特港
這個項目被設想為一個建設性的，模塊化的和預製的系統，允許體育場分期建造。鍍鋅金屬桁架有韻律地重複使用，形成一個覆蓋體育場的斗篷。 他們被鋁製面板包裹著，不透明或微穿孔，生成半透明的平面。
特色標誌：鋁製。
Chinquihue Stadium / Cristian Fernandez Arquitectos
Puerto Montt, Chile
This project was conceived as a constructive, modular and prefabricated system, allowing the stadium to be built in stages. The galvanized metal trusses are repeated rhythmically, creating a cloak that covers the stadium. They are clad in aluminum panels, opaque or microperforated, generating semi-transparent planes.
* Featured Tag: Aluminum.
3、卡斯特勞體育場/ Vigliecca&Associados
巴西 福塔雷薩
該體育場也在2014年世界盃賽事中進行了改造，並按照1970年代原始設計的指導進行了修整。 它的外部體量覆蓋著半透明的「皮膚」。 使其內部的混凝土結構可見。為開發新型鋼結構和基地建設提供指導性元素。 安裝了60根鋼桁架立柱來落成兩項主要功能：減少來自支架的振動並支持新的屋頂結構。
*特色標誌：金屬結構。
Arena Castelao / Vigliecca&Associados
Fortaleza, Brazil
The Castelao stadium was also remodeled for the 2014 World Cup, with the modifications following the guidelines of the original 1970s design. Its external envelope is covered by a translucent "skin" leaving its concrete structure visible from the inside. Concrete pillars were established through its inclination to provide a guiding element to develop the new steel structure and the constructive logistics. The 60 steel trussed columns were installed to perform two main functions: diminish the vibrations from the stands and support the new roof structure.
* Featured Tag: Metallic Structure.
4、Tele2體育場/ White arkitekter
瑞典
該體育場可容納30000名觀眾，其特色是穿孔金屬外牆。 從內部，透明的外牆允許欣賞周圍城市的景色。體育場的可伸縮屋頂也賦予其靈活性並增加了滲透性和開放感。
*特色標誌：穿孔金屬外牆。
Arena Tele2 / White arkitekter
Johanneshov, Sweden
With a capacity for 30,000 spectators, this stadium is characterized by its perforated metal facade. From the inside, the transparent external walls allow views of the surrounding city. The stadium"s retractable roof also gives it flexibility and increases the sensation of permeability and openness.
* Featured Tag: Perforated Metal.
5、安卡拉城市體育館/ Yazgan Design Architecture
土耳其安卡拉
這座建築面積為53000平方米，可容納10000人。 像原始結構一樣，採用外牆的大面積玻璃增加了室內外的視覺聯繫。通過透明立面和纖細的15米長的橫樑而減少建築體量。
*特色標誌：格子框架。
Ankara Arena Stadium / Yazgan Design Architecture
Ankara, Turkey
This stadium has a capacity for 10,000 people and stands on a 46,000 square meter property. Like the previous structures, it seeks to generate permanent visual relationships between interior and exterior through a colorful curtain wall facade with horizontal and vertical parasols. The large volume of the building is reduced by its transparent facade and slender 15-meter beams.
* Featured Tag: Lattices.
6、東莞籃球場/ gmp architekten
東莞，中國
體育館空間可容納近15000名的遊客，可以用於體育運動和其他活動；它是新的主要比賽場館之一，中國最成功的籃球隊，東莞烈豹。 「體育場的放射狀的屋面直徑157米，為一個外置呈波浪狀的壓力環。其上懸掛了28根鋼柱，對屋面的桁架結構起到穩定加固的作用。體育館外立面為世界範圍內首次使用的三向網格曲面索網幕牆體系，並以中空安全玻璃封閉。
*特色標誌：網狀結構。
Basketball Stadium in Dongguan / gmp architekten
Dongguan, China
Home to one of the most important basketball teams in China, the stadium has a capacity for 15,000 visitors. "The steel roof structure of the stadium has a diameter of 157 meters. It consists of an external, vertically undulating pressure ring. From this are suspended 28 ribbons, on which lattice frame structures are placed for bracing. The roof area is supported on zig-zag shaped struts. A unique feature worldwide is the cable network facade between roof and floor, which consists of triangular panels with insulating glazing."
* Featured Tag: Reticular Structure.
7、Mineirao體育場/ BCMF Arquitetos
巴西貝 貝洛哈里桑塔
Mineirao體育場於1965年落成，可容納總人數為130萬。由建築師Eduardo MendesGuimaraesJunior和Gaspar Garreto設計，該體育場採用鋼筋混凝土結構。 對於2014年世界盃來說，它的屋頂被完全改造成橢圓形的結構並與有韻律的立面由88根肋骨突出，從而創造出26米長的白色懸臂式。球場還採用了太陽能電池板，能夠存儲6270000公升的雨水，進行重複利用。
*特色標誌：太陽能。
Mineirao Sports Complex / BCMF Arquitetos
Belo Horizonte, Brazil
The Mineirao stadium was inaugurated in 1965, with a capacity of 130,000. Designed by the architects Eduardo Mendes Guimaraes Junior and Gaspar Garreto, the stadium was built with a rhythmic structure of reinforced concrete. For the 2014 World Cup, its roof was completely remodeled to keep pace with the stadium』s 88 concrete frames, thus creating 26 meters of new cantilevered coverage in white. The whole area above the existing slab received the largest network of solar panels in Brazil, producing enough energy for 1,200 homes.
* Featured Tag: Solar Energy.
8、鮑里索夫足球體育場/OFIS Architects
白俄羅斯
該球場有13000個席位，賽場上形成了一個統一的圓形穹頂，給人一種單一封閉物體的形象。圓頂的外觀給人一種脆弱的拉伸穿孔紡織物被提拉在體育場框架的上空。外觀和看台之間的覆蓋區域是一條公用通道（商店，酒吧，服務，廁所），和上面的長廊（辦事處，貴賓廳和前廳）。
*特色標誌：立面。
Borisov Football Stadium / OFIS Architects
Barysaw, Belarus
With a capacity of 13,000, the stadium forms a unified rounded dome, giving the impression of a single closed object. The skin of the dome gives the illusion of a perforated textile pulled over the stadium skeleton. The space between the skin and the stands is a public street, which includes shops, bars, services and office galleries for VIP and the press.
* Featured Tag: Facades and Envelopes.
9、Willmote Allianz Rivera體育場 / Wilmotte + Associes Sa
法國，阿斯普勒蒙
2009年12月，尼斯市為建設一座可舉辦國際賽事、容納35000坐席的新體育場啟動了一次國際競賽。體育場就坐落在Plaine du Var生態谷的中央，體育場由一個堅固而富有表現力的白色金屬結構構成。另一方面，外殼由PVC膜和光伏面板組成，可以保護觀眾免受陽光直射並為其運行產生能量。
*特色標誌：金屬結構，太陽能。
Willmote Allianz Rivera / Wilmotte & Associés Sa
Nice, France
In December 2009, the city of Nice launched an international competition for the construction of a new 35,000-seat stadium. Located in a seismic zone, the stadium is constructed of a strong and expressive white metallic structure, which remains visible behind a translucent ETFE membrane. The cover, on the other hand, is comprised of a PVC membrane and photovoltaic panels, which protect the spectators from direct sunlight and generates energy for its operation.
* Featured Tags: Metallic Structure, Solar Energy.
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