英語必修五重點短語、語法匯總
從今天起小簡老師將為大家更新外研版必修1——5的英語知識，今天是外研必修五重點短語、語法，希望童鞋們可以利用暑假做好預習和複習工作哦~
Module1
重點短語：
1.It is obvious (to sb.) that 從句
對某人來說，……是顯然的
2.confuse A with/and B 把A和B相混淆
3.be confused by sth . 被…….搞糊塗了
4.in confusion 困惑的；困窘地
5.compare. . .with. . . 和……比較
6.compare. . .to 把……比作
7.comepared to/with 和……相比（作狀語）
8.variety of=varieties of 各種各樣的
9.differ from sb./sth. 與某人或某物有區別，相異
10.differ in. . . 在某方面不同
11.have sth.in common (with sb./sth.)
和某人或某物有相同之處
12.have a lot/much/a great deal in common with. . .
與……有很多共同之處
13.have nothing/little in common with. . .
與……沒有/很少有共同之處
14.in common with sb./sth. 和……一樣
15.make a difference 有關係；有重要性；
16.make some difference to. . . 對……有些關係
17.make much difference to. . . 關係重大；有重大影響
18.make no difference to. . . 對……沒有關係
19.be similar to 與……相似
20.be similar in 在……方面相似
21.have some/much difficulty（in）doing sth.
做某事有些/很多困難
22.have some/much difficulty with sth.
做某事有一些/很多困難
23.with difficulty 困（艱）難地
24.lead to sb.doing sth. 使得某人做某事
25.lead sb.to do sth. 使得某人去做某事
26.announce sth.to sb. 向某人宣布某事
=announce to sb.sth 向某人宣布某事
27.add. . .to. . . 把……加到……中
28.add to 增加
29.add up. . . 合計；加起來
30.add up to. . . 總計
31.make an announcement 發表聲明，通知
32.at present 現在；目前
33.make an attempt to do sth. 試圖做某事
34.make an attempt at doing sth. 試圖（嘗試）做某事
35.at one』s first attempt 第一次嘗試
36.attempt at（doing）sth. 嘗試（做）某事
37.in favour of 同意，支持，擁護
38.do sb.a favour 幫某人一個忙
39.ask sb.a favour =ask a favour of sb 請求某人幫忙
40.in sb.』s favour 有助於某人
41.refer to. . .as. . . 稱……為……
42.refer to 參考
43.make (a) reference (s) to 提及，論及
44.now (that)+ 句子 由於；既然
重點知識點：
compare(v.)---comparison(n.)
把A和B比較compare A with B把A比作/比喻為Bcompare A to B
比起…,與…相比(作狀語)compared with /to比得上compare with
無與倫比beyond comparison與…比較in comparison相比之下by comparison
differ(vi)different(adj.)difference(n.)
在…方面不同differin= be differentin區分…和…Tell the difference between…and..
不同於differfrom= be differentfrom和某人在…方面differ with sb. on sth.有影響，使不同make a difference
對…有影響have an effect on=have an influence on =affect =influence
Itmakes a big differenceto your lifewhetheryou take an optimistic attitudeor not.
你是否採取樂觀的態度對你的人生有很大的影響。
common
有很多/有一些/幾乎沒有/沒有共同點havemuch(a lot)/everything/ nothing(little)in common和…一樣in common with
lead
lead to+doing/n通往，通向；導致，招致leadsbtosp.帶領某人到某地
leadsbto dosth.使某人做某事，領某人干某事
命題方向：1). lead to +doing/ being done
2).leading to作定語或狀語。
3).含介詞的短語動詞用在定語從句中，考察句中的謂語動詞。
短語lead to中，to為介詞，總結一下「動詞+介詞to」的常用短語
pay attention to注意devote… to…獻身於stick to堅持be used to習慣於
belong to屬於object to反對get down to開始認真做..contribute to為..做貢獻
pay a visit to參觀;拜訪
difficulty
have some/much/no difficulty (in) doing做某事有一些/沒有困難
There is some/no difficulty (in) doing sth.
There is some/no difficulty with sth.（注意：difficulty為不可數名詞）
have some/much/no difficulty (in) doing做某事有一些/沒有困難
There is some/no difficulty (in) doing sth.
There is some/no difficulty with sth.（注意：difficulty為不可數名詞）
attempt
attempt to do/ attempt at doing.試圖做…;嘗試做…
make an/no attempt to do (沒有)試圖/打算做…
at one』s first attempt (to do)第一次嘗試做…
add
add…to…把…加到…上add to增加
add…up把…加起來add up to總計
Module 2
重點短語：
1.to one』s satisfaction 使某人感到滿意的是
2.offer one』s hand 伸出手
3.offer sb.sth. =offer sth.to sb. 為某人提供某物
4.show/have respect for sb.=respect sb. 尊敬某人
5.give/send my respects to sb.
請代我向某人問好/致意
6.in all respects 無論從哪方面來看
7.pass by 經過；從……旁經過
8.pass away 去世；（時間等）消磨掉，過去
9.pass down 把……一代傳一代；流傳
10.pass on 傳遞
11.take. . .for granted 認為…...理所當然
12.take it/things easy 輕鬆，放鬆
13.take one』s time 慢慢來，不著急
14.in particular 尤其，特別地
15.be particular about/over. . . 對……講究/挑剔
16.have an effect on. . . 對……有影響
17.take up 站好位置以備……
18.when用作並列連詞時，常用下列句型：
（1）Sb.was about to do sth.when. . .
=Sb.was on the point of doing sth.when. . .
某人正要干某事時，這時…….
(2) Sb.was doing sth.when. . .
某人正在干某事時，這時……
(3) Sb.had (just) done sth.when. . .
某人剛乾完某事時，這時……
19.apply (to sb.) for sth. (向某人)申請某物
20.apply sth.to sth. 把……應用於……
21.apply to. . . 適用於……
22.apply onesely to. . . 致力於……
23.sth. require doing/to be done
某物需要被做……
24.require sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事
25.require that. . .(should) do sth. 要求做某事
26.in great demand 需求很大
27.meet/satisfy one』s demang(s) 滿足某人的需要
28.demang to do sth. 要求做某事
29.demand that. . .(should) do sth. 要求某人做某事
30.in response to 作為……的回應
31.make/give a response to 對…...做出反應
32.make/give no response to 對…不予回答/理解
重點知識：
offer n/v
表示願意做，主動給予提出，提供（買方）出價
charge（賣方）收費，要價
offer/provide /supply
提供給某人某物
offer sb sth//offer sth to sb
provide sb with sth/ provide sth for sb
supply sb with sth/ supply sth to sb
主動提出做某事:offer to do
apply v
apply sth to應用
New technology isapplied toalmost everyindustrial process. (工業流程)
apply oneself to致力於；專心於
If only heappliedhimself to study, he would do better in it.
apply for申請
Beforeapplyingfor the post, you have to fill in theapplication form.
【拓展】applicant n.申請人
表示「致力於；專心於」的短語：
belost/ buried /involved/ absorbed/ occupied…in
concentrate/ focus/ fix….on
bedevoted / addicted/ abandonedto(沉迷於)
demand n.
(非常/很)受歡迎的in (good) demand
需要,需求(尤指顧客)demand for sth./ sb.
對某人做某事的要求demand for sb. to do sth.
demand可加n./Pro./To do/that從句作賓語。
注意：不能說:demand sb to do sth
Module 3
重點短語：
1.on account of 因為
2.on no account 決不，在任何條件下都不
3.take sth. into account=take account of sth.
把某事考慮在內
4.account for 做出解釋，提出理由
5. lie-lay-lain-lying 平躺；位於
Lay – laid –laid – laying 放置； 產卵
6.The boy lying on the ground lied that his cocklaid an egg.
躺在地上的小男孩說他的公雞下了一隻蛋。
7.get into (a) panic 陷入恐慌狀態
8.be at/in a panic 在恐慌中
9.be curious about 對……好奇，感興趣
10.out of curiosity 出於好奇
11.satisfy one』s curiosity 滿足某人的好奇心
12.have connection with 與…有聯繫/有關聯
13.have a direct/close/strong connection with
與…有直接/密切/牢固的聯繫
14.have sth./nothing to do with 與…有關/與…無關
15.be related to 與…有關
16.to one』s astonishment 令某人吃驚的是
17.to one』s surprise 令某人吃驚的是
18.to one』s excitement 令某人激動的是
19.to one』s disappointment 令人失望的是
20.to one』s sorrow 令人難過的是
21.to one』s joy 令人高興的是
22.to one』s satisfaction 令人滿意的是
23.warn sb.about/of sth. 警告某人某事
24.warn sb. Not to do sth.=warn against doing sth 警告某人不要做某事
25.be determined to do sth. 決心做某事
26.force sb.to do sth.=force sb.into doing sth
強迫某人做某事
27.force sth.on/upon sb. 把…強加於某人
28.play a trick on sb. 拿某人開玩笑，捉弄某人
29.make fun of sb. 嘲笑某人；取笑某人
30.make up 編造；組成；和解；化妝；彌補…
31.be/feel in the mood for(doing) sth
=be/feel in the mood to do sth. 有心情做某事
32.in a bad/good mood 情緒不好/很好
33.be set in 以…為背景
34.set off 出發；引爆，使爆炸
35.set out to do sth. 開始做某事
36.set about doing sth. 開始/著手做某事
37.set sth.aside 把某物放在一邊；省出；
38.set up 建立；設立；創立
39. resemble … in… 在…方面像…
重點知識：
account v./n.
on account of由於Takeinto account烤魚On no account絕不accounted for解釋
bank account銀行賬戶
as if
as if引導的從句作表語。
as if = as though好像，似乎,主要用於引導狀語從句和
表語從句。當前面有系動詞look, seem, taste, smell, keep, sound
等時，如果表示的可能性較大，與事實較一致時，謂語動詞用
陳述語氣。
as if從句用虛擬語氣的情況：
從句表示與現在事實相反，謂語動詞用一般過去時。
You look as if you did not care. (實際上關心)
從句表示與過去事實相反，謂語動詞用「had＋過去分詞」
He talked about Paris as if he had been there before.（實際上以前沒去過）
從句表示與將來事實相反，謂語動詞用「would/could/might＋動詞原形」。
It looks as if it might snow.（實際上不會下雪）
分詞作定語
1）通常，現在分詞表示主動，過去分詞表示被動，例如：
He is the man giving you the money.(= who gave you…)
He is the man stopped by the car.( = who was stopped by…)
2）不及物動詞的過去分詞表示動作已經發生
分詞作狀語
連詞+分詞(短語)
有時為使分詞短語與主句關係更清楚，可在分詞前加連詞。如：when，while，if though，after, before, as.但分詞的主語和主句的主語必須為同一個
分詞作補語 通常在感官動詞和使役動詞和like, want, wish, order等表示「希望」「要求」等意義的動詞之後
分詞作表語
分詞作插入語:其結構是固定的，意思上的主語並不是句子的主語。
generally speaking一般說來
strictly speaking嚴格的說
judging from從…判斷
all things considered從整體來看
taking all things into consideration全面看來
分詞的時態
1).與主語動詞同時(not) doing…
2）先於主動詞 （not）having done…
獨立主格結構：在用分詞短語作狀語時，其邏輯主語一般必須與句子主語一致。
如不一致，分詞須帶上自己的邏輯主語。常表伴隨的動作或情
Module4
重點短語：
1.hide sth.from sb.
隱藏某物不讓人發現;對某人隱瞞某事
2.come to an end 完結
3.put an end to 結束，終止
4.bring. . .to an end 使…結束
5.in the end 終於;最後
6.date back to=date from 追溯到，開始於
7.dress up 裝扮;打扮
8.dress up as. . . 裝扮成…
9.dress up in red 穿上紅色的衣服
10.dress sb.(oneself) 給某人穿衣
11.be dress in white 穿著白色衣服
12.make. . .with. . . 用…在…做標記
13.make. . .on. . . 在…上做…記號
14.consist of 由…組成;由…構成
15.give up 放棄
16.give away 贈送
17.give back 歸還;恢復健康
18.give in to向… 讓步，屈服於
19.give off 發出，放出(氣體，氣味等)
20.give out 分發(試卷等)，筋疲力盡
21.take in 收留
22.take off 脫掉(衣服);飛機(起飛)
23.take on 顯現;承擔(工作，責任等)
24.take place 發生
25.take up 開始從事;繼續，接下去
26.There is/was no need for sb.to do
某人沒有必要做…
27.There is no possibility that. . . … 不可能…
28.There is no doubt that. . . 毫無疑問…
29.There is no point in doing sth. 做某事沒有意義
重點知識：
Pretend
pretend +that … 假裝… pretend to do sth. 假裝要做某事
pretend to be doing sth.假裝正在做某事 pretend to have done sth.假裝已經做過某事
類似用法
happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 happen to be doing 碰巧正在做某事
appear to be… 似乎是 consider sth. to be/as 把…當作
book
book 意為預定(票，位子等)
order 意為訂貨，定購常用作及物動詞，還可以意為點菜(飯，酒，飲料)既可用作及物動詞，也可用作不及物動詞。
dress
dress的用法： dress sb./ oneself==(sb).be dressed in
dress(oneself) up
wear的用法：強調狀態 (穿著,穿衣戴帽,戴首飾,帶笑容)
put on 的用法：強調動作(穿上 ) ----反義詞 take off
Module5
重點短語：
1.retire from 從…退休，從…退役
2.perform one』s promise 履行承諾
3.perform an operation on sb. 給某人做手術
4.have an advantage over 比…有優勢
5.have an advantage in 在…方面佔優勢
6.take advantage of 利用
7.to sb』s advantage 對某人有利
8.have the advantage of 有…的優勢
9.give sb.a guarantee 給某人保證/承諾
10.under guarantee 在保修期內
11.on the increase 正在增加
12.together with 加之，連用;和，與
13.increase by 增加了(表示增加的比率)
14.increase(from…) to
(從…)增長到…(表示增加後的結果)
15.by chance 偶然的，意外的，碰巧
16.take a chance/chances 碰運氣/冒險
17.protest against/about/at 反對…，抗議…
18.declare sth.(to be) sth. 宣布某物是…，斷言…為…
19.declare war on/against sb. 對…宣戰
20.declare against 表示反對…
21.declare for 表示贊同
22.declare that. . . 聲明，鄭重地說
23.So what? (非正式)那又怎樣呢?結果怎樣?
24.rise to one』s feet 站起身
25.pick up 把…扶起來;接某人;收聽;好轉
26.That』s not the point那不是關鍵;沒有說到點子上
27.to the point 很得要領的;中肯的
28.off the point 離題的
29.There』s no point in. . .干…沒有用;干…沒有意義
重點知識：
win
win vt. &vi. 其賓語不是競爭對手而是war, game, prize, match, battle, competition等名詞。
beat和defeat兩者的賓語是競爭對手
advantage
have an advantage over sb./sth 比某人有優勢
take advantage of 利用機會等;某人的處境、弱點等
to one』s advantage =to the advantage of sb. 對某人有利
chance
(the) chances are (that) …./ The chance is that …..很可能….
(It is likely / probable / possible that…)
There is no chance that ….不可能…
There is a chance that …/of … 有可能…
seize /grasp a chance 抓住機會
take a chance /take chances 冒險，碰運氣
by chance /by accident 碰巧
倍數
(1).倍數表達法： 倍數+ as .... as...
This room is four times as big as that one. 這個房間是哪個房間的四倍大。
The road is twice as long as that one. 這條路是那條路的2倍長。
(2). 倍數的其他結構：
倍數 + adj./adv. 的比較級+ than...
倍數+ the + 名詞(size,length, height,width...)+ of ...
This room is twice bigger than mine.
這個房間是我房間的2倍大。
= This room is twice the size of mine.
狀語從句
時間狀語從句
其連詞有：when, before, after, as soon as, as, while, hardly had…when, scarcely had …when, no sooner had … than, till / until, since, the moment, by the time 等，
條件狀語從句
引導條件狀語從句的連詞有：if, unless, (if not) , on condition that , as long as。
注意：有時可以把祈使句作為條件從句，祈使句後面要搭配and，如：
Give him an inch and he』ll take a mile. (= If you give him an inch, he』ll take a mile. )
但：當表示否定的條件時，可用連詞or 或otherwise， 如：
Start at once, or / otherwise you』ll miss the train. (= If you don』t start at once, …)
讓步狀語從句
引導讓步狀語從句的連詞有：though/although, even if/ even though, no matter who/ what/ when / where/ which / how ( whoever, whatever, whenever, wherever, whichever, however)
whoever, whatever, whichever還可引導名詞從句。而no matter who/ what/ which 只能引導讓步狀語從句
He didn』t want to be disturbed, no matter who wanted to see him.
= He didn』t want to be disturbed, whoever wanted to see him.
I』ll give the books to whoever needs them
as引導讓步從句。但as一般不置於句首，而將從句中的表語或狀語置於句首。(though也可以)
ⅠTired as he was, he still went on with his work
ⅡMuch as he likes the bike, he doesn』t want to buy it
ⅢTry as he might, he didn』t pass the exam.
原因狀語從句
引導原因狀語從句的連詞有 because, since, as , now that
because: 語氣最強，回答why時用because
Why are you late? Because there is a traffic jam.
since: 「既然…..」 表對方已知的事實或理由，常放在句首。
Since you have got enough money with you now, you can come and buy it next time.
as: 「由於….」 語氣較弱，較口語化，表明顯的原因或已知的事實，常放在句首。
As he had been ready for the worst, he was not disappointed at the result.
for是一個等立連詞，連接的是兩個並列的分句，其他三個引導的是狀語從句;for不能放在句首。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
比較狀語從句
比較狀語從句主要用在形容詞、副詞的原級、比較級、最高級的句子中。 原級 as …as … not so / as …as 比較級: 比較級+ than … 最高級： 最高級+in / of / among …
no more than 和 not more than
His education added up to no more than one year.
They finished the project in not more than one year
兩者中 「較….的一個用the + 比較級
The younger of the twin sisters is more consideration
Module6
重點短語:
1.protect. . .from/against. . . 保護…免受
2.prevent. . .from/stop. . .from/keep. . .from
阻止某人做某事
3.be worthy of sth 值得…，配得上…
4.sth.be worthy of being done
=sth. be worthy to be done
某事值得做
5.on the stop 當場，在現場
6.in good condition 狀況良好，保存得好
7.in bad/poor condition狀況不佳，破爛不堪
8.on one condition 有一個條件
9.on condition that 如果，條件是，只要
10.on no condition 絕不
11.in danger of 有…的危險
12.out of danger 脫離危險
13.be in fashion 在流行
14.be/go out of fashion 不流行/過時
15.take aim at 瞄準
16.aim sth.at 用…瞄準…
17.aim at 針對，瞄準;目標是做…
18.aim to do 旨在做…，意欲做…，打算做…
19.be aimed at 目的是;旨在;針對
20.involve sb.in 使某人捲入
21.be involve in 涉及到，捲入，專心於
22.focus on 注意，集中於
23.focus one』s attention/eyes on
把注意力/目光集中於
24.be concerned with 與…有關，涉及
25.as/so far as I』m concerned 就我而言，依我看來
26.as far as sth.is concerned 就某事而言
27.stand for 代表，象徵
28.set up 建立;成立
29.set about 散布(謠言等);開始忙碌
30.set off 出發;引爆，引發某人(哭，笑)
31.set down 使(飛機)著陸;放下;寫下
32.set out 出發;著手做(+ to do)
TAG:高中英語 |