Quora外國網民討論：中國是最古老的文明嗎？

最新 08-11

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愛國公眾號，轉播正能量，致力於傳遞是世界各地網民的看法。

台灣屬於中國

Is China the oldest living civilization?

中國是最古老的文明嗎？

以下是日本網民評論：

Robbie Jena,

Perhaps…

可能吧

India was there 13,000 years ago at Dwaraka…with Lord Krishna Civilization and Space Ship…

一萬三千年前印度就在德瓦拉了，與主奎師那文明和太空飛船一起…

So, perhaps bot are from that time format….

所以，也許兩者都是在一樣時間

Partha Shakkottai,

The Indus Valley civilization is continuous with the Saraswati civilization of Vedas.

India is the nation ( civilization) that is the oldest. It started in India after Mt. Toba exploded in Java wiping the slate clean in India and allowed a civilizational restart about 40,000 BP, allowing development of animals, languages (Sanskrit, Indo-European , Dravidian and Munda ), early earth goddess religion ( BHUDEVI, CYBELE, GAIA), agriculture, expanded into north Asia and to Europe, built ancient markers Shaktipeetas within which Dharma held sway, spread to SE Asia by osmosis.

Harappa , the Indus civilization is 6000 BP, Saraswathi civilization is older from internal references in Rg Veda. Indians have been observing the stars for at least 6000 years to know the period of Earth』s wobble ( 25000 years).

India did not start as a nation on Aug 15 , 1947!

印度河流域的文明與吠陀的薩拉斯瓦蒂文明是一致的。

印度是最古老的國家（文明）。4萬年前，Toba在爪哇爆破岩石並清理，在這之後，印度文明重新啟動，允許發展動物，語言（梵語，印歐語，德拉威語和蒙達語），早期的地球女神教（大地女神像，西布莉，蓋亞），農業，擴張至北亞和歐洲，在佛法下建造了聖地，後來傳播到東南亞。

哈拉帕文明，6萬年前的印度河流域的文明，在梨俱吠陀內部的標準里拉斯瓦蒂文明更古老。印度人觀察恆星6000年，以此來了解地球擺動周期（25000年）。

1947年8月15日，印度還不是個國家！

Piet Bakx,

Depends what one calls civilisation. The Australian aboriginal civilization is much older and still in existence.

這取決於什麼叫所謂的文明。

澳大利亞的原住民文明更古老，也仍然存在。

KC Armstrong,

Only in the minds of some people. It is much younger than Messopotamia.

只有在某些人的心中吧。它比美索不達米亞年輕得多。

Christine Stokes,

No, as it wasn』t the only civilisation.

The peoples of the earth were moving out from Mesopotamia, settling and multiplying, including the ancestors of the Chinese civilisation.

不，因為它不是唯一的文明。

地球上的人民正從美索不達米亞遷出，定居和繁衍，其中包括中華文明的祖先。

Adam Richards, lives in China (2011-present)

The People』s Republic of China is the same age as my Dad, two months older to be precise. Dad』s no spring chicken, but it would be a bit of a stretch to try to call him or his 同歲 the PRC 「the oldest in the world.」

中國與我爸爸的年齡相同，準確地說大兩個月。爸爸不是孩子了，但說他與中國「世界上最古老的」同風，有點牽強。

Fazal Majid

Iranian civilization is almost as old as Mesopotamians, unlike them has cultural continuity, and is at least as old as China.

伊朗文明幾乎與美索不達米亞人一樣古老，不像它們具有文化連續性，至少與中國一樣古老。

Ludwig Nijholt,

How is China the world"s oldest civilization?

I don』t understand the how in that question, because Chinese civilization is at least 1,000 years younger than ancient Egypt.

中國如何成為世界上最古老的文明？

我不明白這個問題是怎麼回事，因為中國文明比古埃及少1000年。

Gwydion Madawc Williams,

It is the oldest urban civilisation with undisputed continuity as far as the Shang Dynasty.

The Xia are disputed.

Some Hindus claim continuity from the Indus Valley Civilisation. But most Western experts think there was a short break, including a change of language

它是最古老的城市文明，自商朝也來，它的連續性無可爭議。

夏朝部分有些爭議。

一些印度教徒聲稱印度河流域文明也具有連續性。但大多數西方專家認為其有一個短暫的中斷，包括語言的變化

Roy Camargo

It depends on what what concept of civilization you are using. For example, one can conider China as one continuous cvilization but can also think of China as 3 successive civilizations (Arnold Toynbee divides up Chinese history into the Hsia-Shang, Classical Sinic, and Buddho-Sinic civilizations). I happen to follow Toynbee"s conception of a civilization, and So I consider the longest-lasting civilization ever to be Ancient Egypt (Around 3,500BC to around 500AD).

The oldest living civilization is Buddho-Sinic (originated around 300AD after the fall of the Han Dynasty) followed by Western and Orthodox Christendom (both originated around 600AD). The youngest civilization is Islamic, which started when the Abbasid Caliphate (which was the universal state of the preceding Syriac civilization) collapsed.

這取決於你對文明的定義。例如，可以認為中國是一個連續的文明同樣也可以認為中國是3段接替的文明（阿諾德·湯因比將中國歷史劃分為夏商，古中國和佛家中國文明），我傾向於湯因比的文明概念，所以我認為最長的文明是古埃及文明（大概公元前3500年至公元500年）。

現存最久的文明是佛家中國文明（認為是公元300年漢朝滅亡之後），接下來是西方文明和正統基督（都起源於公元600年），最年輕的文明是伊斯蘭文明，它起源於阿拔斯王朝的哈里發倒台之後（這是敘利亞文明的前身）。

Sunil Nair,

Its San Marino

San Marino is one of the smallest countries in Europe: with 61 square kilometers it ranks third after the Vatican and Monaco. This means that it is about one third the size of Washington, D.C. San Marino claims to be the world』s oldest republic. It was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marinus on September 3, 301.

San Marino adopted a written constitution in 1600 (usually credited as being the world』s oldest written constitution), but it wasn』t recognized as an independent sovereign country by the Pope until 1631.

聖馬利諾

聖馬利諾是歐洲最小的國家之一：面積為61平方公里，僅次於梵蒂岡和摩納哥。它大約是華盛頓的三分之一，聖馬利諾聲稱是世界上最古老的共和國。它由一位名叫Marinus的基督徒石匠於301年9月3日創立。

聖馬利諾在1600年通過了一部成文憲法（通常被認為是世界上最古老的成文憲法），但直到1631年才由教皇承認為獨立的主權國家。

Joseph Koppenhout,

Only a handful of civilisations existed before China. These were the societies of Mesopotamia, Egypt and the Indus river valley.

The first two of these have a huge 『break』 in their traditions. Whereas China has maintained a something approaching a constant linguistic chain, and a religious/ political-cultural (Confucianism) since 500 BC both of these societies have undergone profound shifts since their original foundation. Though the Pyramids are Egypts, the current Islamic civilisation is totally different to the ancient one; even more so than the tenuous link between the Athenian citizen and the American.

The final civilisation, that of the Indus river valley, totally collapsed. Unlike Egypt or Mesopotamia where at least a handful of their concepts and social views eventually made it into their present cultures, the Indus valley society had very little cultural impact on present day Indians.

So, by default, the winner is China .

在中國之前只存在少數幾個文明，它們是美索不達米亞，埃及和印度河流域的社會。

前兩個有個較長的中斷。然而中國自公元前500年以來一直保持著接近連續的語言鏈和宗教/政治文化（儒家思想），而這些社會自其最初的基礎以來都經歷了深刻的變化。雖然金字塔是埃及的，現在的伊斯蘭文明與古代的完全不同;甚至比雅典公民和美國公民之間的微妙聯繫更為不同。

最後這個，印度河流域文明，完全崩潰了。與埃及或美索不達米亞不同，至少有少數人的觀念和社會觀點最終融入了他們現在的文化，印度河流域社會對現今印第安人的文化影響甚微。

因此，默認獲勝者是中國。

Ygor Coelho,

One of the oldest, certainly, however it is not without any doubt that it is the oldest of all. The earliest scientifically posited period for a unified urban culture that can be aptly described Chinese civilization is circa 1600 BC.

That』s a bit later than the earliest scientific evidences of a common Greek civilization, though it went through tremendous changes in politics, aesthetics and other aspects after the Bronze Age Collapse, just like China suffered several times in its long history. But the people still kept the same language, religion, basic customs and ethnic identity, so I guess they still count as the same continuous civilization.

Also, if, as many scholars believe is quite likely, the language and culture of the Indus Valley civilization was Dravidian before the arrival and expansion of Indo-Aryans, then a case could be made that Dravidian peoples of India, despite their gradual geographic displacement to the south of their homeland, have a 5,000-year-old continuous history as an urban civilization in the subcontinent .

But you may ask: are they still the same civilization or not? Difficult to say, or rather it depends on whom you ask.

There is always a very tenuous difference between cultural continuity without political/tribal continuity, and political/tribal continuity despite many cultural changes.

When is a given civilization still the same as before? When its population is still roughly the same as in ancient times despite a new ethnic/political identity (e.g. Syria, Sardinia)? Or when the language of the ancient society was preserved? Or when there is a continuously thriving or resurging state? Difficult to establish what really matters the most.

最古老的當然是，毫無疑問。中國文明符合最早的科學假定的統一城市文化的時期約為公元前1600年。

這比希臘文明最早的科學證據晚了一點，雖然它在青銅器時代崩潰後經歷了政治，美學和其他方面的巨大變化，就像中國在其漫長的歷史中遭受了好幾次。但是人們仍然保持著相同的語言，宗教，基本習俗和民族認同，所以我猜他們仍然算作連續的文明。

此外，正如許多學者認為的，印度 - 雅利安人的到來和擴張之前，印度河流域文明的語言和文化很可能是德拉威語，那麼可以認為，儘管他們遷往祖國南部，但在次大陸，它擁有5000年連續的城市文明。

但你可能會問：他們仍然是同一個文明嗎？很難說，或者更確切地說，這取決於你問誰。

不具備政治/部落連續性的文化連續性與具備政治/部落連續性的文化變遷之間總是存在著非常微妙的差異。

什麼時候某個文明可以仍然和以前一樣？當它有一個新的種族/政治身份（例如敘利亞，撒丁島），但它的人口仍然與古代大致相同？還是保留了古代社會的語言？或者那時有一個持續蓬勃發展或復甦的狀態？難以確定什麼是最最重要的。

Rod L"Huillier,

China is one of the oldest, and one of the most advanced, and perhaps the civilization that has had the most cultural influence on the world at large, over time.

But it is not THE oldest. The oldest are the Indigenous Australians

Studies have been ongoing into dating rock art throughout Queensland and the Northern Territory were some artwork has been dated to 14,000 to 28,000 years old. They expect to reveal that the oldest artworks known to man are those left by the Aboriginal people of Australia.

I find the one below fascinating, and for those who really like to spin the wheel of 「what if」 it was also featured in an episodes of Ancient Aliens Watch The Wisdom Keepers Full Episode - Ancient Aliens | HISTORY

The culture and standing of Indigenous Australians has for too long been poorly represented on the world stage. Their culture and way of life are truly fascinating, deeply insightful, especially in regards to how to live together in harmony with the earth and nature.

Their ancient fables, equally as fascinating as Chinese or Greek fables, even more so considering the fact that these fables were passed down through art, story, and dance as they were never recorded into written language.

When I was very young I had the chance to stay with a tribe in the Northern Territory, and to visit there again in my 20』s, and I hope I can learn more again.

Rod L"Huillier

隨著時間的推移，中國是最古老的，也是最先進的，也許是對整個世界產生最大文化影響的文明之一。

但它不是最古老的。最古老的是澳大利亞土著民

昆士蘭州和北領地的岩畫藝術研究一直在進行，一些藝術品的歷史可以追溯到14,000年到28，000年。他們希望揭示，人類所知的最古老的藝術品是澳大利亞原住民留下的。