加州大火肆虐，近30萬人撤離，多位好萊塢明星豪宅付之一炬

天下 11-17

連日來，美國加州大火迅速蔓延，迫使大量美國居民撤離。大火還燒毀了美國多位明星的豪宅，迫使他們緊急撤離。

Gerard Butler and Miley Cyrus are among the celebrities whose homes have been destroyed by the deadly wildfires in California.

好萊塢明星傑拉德·巴特勒和麥莉·賽勒斯的家園被加利福尼亞州致命的野火摧毀，此外還有許多明星的家被燒毀。

Other stars including Kim Kardashian-West and Lady Gaga evacuated their homes over the weekend while sharing updates with fans on social media.

包括金·卡戴珊和Lady Gaga在內的其他明星不得不在周末撤離家園，他們在社交媒體上與粉絲分享了最新消息。

The fires started on Thursday and have killed at least 31 people, with more than 200 people missing.

火災於周四發生，造成至少31人死亡，200多人失蹤。

An estimated 250,000 people have been forced to flee their homes.

估計有25萬人被迫逃離家園。

Here are the famous residences that have been affected:

以下是受影響的名人住宅：

Miley Cyrus, the singer and actress tweeted on Sunday that she and fiance Liam Hemsworth made it out of the fire safely.

歌手和女演員麥莉·賽勒斯周日在推特上說，她和未婚夫利亞姆·海姆斯沃思安全地「逃離了」火災。

But she also revealed that her house no longer stands.

但她也說她的房子「不再屹立了」。

Cyrus also urged fans to donate money, time and supplies, and tweeted a list of charities and foundations working to support others affected by the disaster.

賽勒斯還呼籲粉絲捐出資金、用品並用心去關注災情，她在推特上發布了一系列慈善機構和基金會名單，這些機構都支持、幫助受災害影響的其他人。

Gerard Butler, The Scottish star of 300 and Gods of Egypt posted a photo of the remains of his Malibu home on Instagram on Sunday, thanking firefighters for their courage.

傑拉德·巴特勒-主演電影《斯巴達300勇士》及《埃及眾神》的蘇格蘭明星，周日在Instagram上張貼了他的馬裡布家的「遺照」，他還感謝了消防員的「勇氣」。

In addition to the photo, Butler also posted two videos on his Instagram stories, saying that his house is half gone.

除此之外，巴特勒還在他的Instagram中發布了兩個視頻，說他的房子燒得「不見了一半」。

Robin Thicke』s partner April Love Geary, who is currently pregnant, revealed on Instagram stories that their home had been destroyed.

羅賓·西克的懷孕女友April Love Geary在Instagram上分享了他們家被毀的消息。

Neil Young, The musician confirmed the loss of his house in a statement posted on his website.

音樂家尼爾·楊在他的網站上發布的一份聲明，說他的房子被毀。

He also discussed climate change and criticised President Donald Trump.

他還討論了氣候變化問題並批評了唐納德·特朗普總統。

Kim Kardashian-West and her family evacuated their Hidden Hills home on Friday and had only one hour to pack their things.

金·卡戴珊和她的家人於周五撤離了他們在隱山別墅的住宅，他們只有一個小時的時間收拾東西。

Lady Gaga also evacuated her home on Friday, writing several emotional tweets the next day.

Lady Gaga周五也逃離了她的家，第二天發了幾條感人的推文。

I am thinking so deeply for everyone who is suffering today from these abominable fires & grieving the loss of their homes or loved ones. she wrote.

「寫給今天遭受了令人生畏的火災並失去家園或親人而悲傷的每個人，我深深地挂念你們。」她寫道。

She also thanked the emergency services, calling them true heroes.

她還感謝緊急服務部門，稱他們為「真正的英雄」。

是什麼引發的加州火災？

The wildfires are spread across both ends of California.

火災席捲加州南北兩端。

Camp fire to the north and the woodsy and hill fires near Los Angeles.

北面是營火引發的火災，洛杉磯附近是森林和山頭著火。

What』s made them so deadly is the speed at which they traveled.

令它們如此危險的是它們蔓延的速度。

Camp fire grew by 10,000 acres in less than two hours at its peak.

營火引發的火災在其最快傳播速度可以在不到兩小時的時間蔓延1,000英畝。

That』s more than one football pitch a second.

一秒鐘蔓延面積超過一個足球場。

They』ve been fueled by high winds.

大風會使其加速蔓延。

Lower than normal humidity and extremely dry conditions, California is in its sixth year of drought.

低於正常濕度以及環境極其乾燥，加州處於第六個乾旱年。

Temperatures are now one to two degrees higher because of global warming.

由於全球變暖，氣溫現在升高了一兩度。

This summer was one of the hottest on record and has been very little rain since May.

這個夏天達到史上最高溫，而且從五月份開始幾乎沒有降雨。

On top of this, the seasonal Santa Ana winds have brought dry desert air and gusts of up to 70 miles an hour from Southern California』s mountain ranges towards the coast.

除此之外，聖安娜季風把加州山脈的沙漠乾燥空氣和陣風帶到沿海地區，最高速度達到每小時70英里。

President Trump has blamed the state』s poor forest management for the fires.

總統特朗普將火災歸咎於加州森林管理不佳。

But the federal government is actually the largest owner of forest lands, responsible for 57 percent of California』s 33 million acres of tree cover.

但是聯邦政府實際上才是最大的林地擁有者，佔到加州3300萬英畝林木覆蓋的57%。

Fire officials have also highlighted that the blazes in the South aren』t forest fires but urban interface fires.

消防員同樣強調南部大火不是森林火災，而是城市界面火災。

As people increasingly move into areas near forests and brush land known as the urban-wildlife interface, there』s a higher risk of wildfires being accidentally or intentionally ignited.

隨著越來越多的人搬到靠近森林和灌木叢，被稱為城市和野生環境交界面的地區，意外或者蓄意引發火災的風險也變得更高。

It also makes them harder to fight.

它同樣使救火變得更難。

The US Forestry Service has successfully controlled fires for many years.

美國林業局已經成功控制火災事故很多年了。

But that』s an our vegetation to build up.

但是我們要種植一種植被。

It』s now begun a program of controlled burns - to remove that dry vegetation and restrict the spread of wildfires.

現在啟動了一個控制火災的項目——移除乾燥植被並抑制火災蔓延。

But it has a huge area to cover.

但是要覆蓋該植被的面積巨大。

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