開國紀念幣

中華民國開國留念幣是1911年12月29 日經辛亥革命後，克複的17省代表在南京推選孫中山為中華民國暫時大總統。民國成立時鼓鑄的留念幣。

因為幣制沒有樹立，除四川改鑄大漢銀幣，福建改鑄中華元寶外，首要的造幣廠，大都仍沿襲前清鋼模鑄造銀幣，以供流轉需求。因為幣制紊亂，暫時政府財政部長陳錦濤，於民國元年3月11日呈文大總統孫中山，鼓鑄10萬元留念銀幣認為整理。

The commemorative coin of the founding of the Republic of China was chosen by 17 provincial representatives in Nanjing as the interim president of the Republic of China after the 1911 Revolution on 29 December 1911. A commemorative coin coined by the drum at the founding of the Republic of China.

As the currency system has not yet been established, except for Sichuan and Fujian, the main coin factories still use the former steel mould to cast silver coins for circulation. Due to currency confusion, Chen Jintao, Minister of Finance of the Interim Government, presented to Sun Yat-sen, President of Wenda, on March 11, the first year of the Republic of China, to coin 100,000 yuan of commemorative silver coins for rectification.

圖像選用大總統孫中山肖像，往後的通用銀幣再改斑紋樣式。孫中山令財政部行文，附和鼓鑄紀念幣，並指令其他的通用銀幣新斑紋，「中心應繪五穀模型，取豐歲足民之義，垂勸農務本之規」，訓令財政部速制新模，分令各省造幣廠照式鼓鑄。不久，財政部就頒下新模給江南、湖北、廣東等造幣廠依式鑄造，這便是「中華民國孫中山像開國紀念幣」的由來。

The design is based on the portrait of Sun Yat-sen, President of the People"s Republic of China. Sun Yat-sen ordered the Ministry of Finance to make commemorative coins by drumming, and ordered the rest of the new patterns of common silver coins. "Five grain models should be drawn in the middle, taking the meaning of being rich and full of the people, and admonishing the rules of agriculture as the basis." He instructed the Ministry of Finance to make new models quickly and ordered the provincial mints to follow the drumming pattern. Soon after, the Ministry of Finance issued a new model for mints in Jiangnan, Hubei and Guangdong, which was the origin of "Sun Yat-sen of the Republic of China as a commemorative coin of the founding of the People"s Republic of China".

中華民國孫像開國紀念幣銀元，正面中心為孫中山旁邊面肖像，邊際內上鐫中文隸書體「中華民國」4字、下鐫「開國紀念幣」5字、左右長枝花飾。反面中心為中文隸書體「壹圓」及嘉禾，邊際英文「中華民國」、「壹圓」，左右排列五角星(後改為六角星)。直線邊齒，重26.6克，成色96%-96.9%，俗稱「小頭」。該幣作為中華民國國幣發行，流轉甚廣，數量較多。中華民國孫像開國紀念幣銀元，並非都是民國元年鑄造。民國16年、17年南京和天津造幣廠均有鑄造，但選用的滿是「中華民國開國紀念幣」的時代。中華民國孫像開國紀念幣銀元，因為鑄造廠家紛歧，鑄造時代不同，雕刻師英語水平不高，除正反面首要圖畫未變外，其花飾細節、英文字母均有變異，特別是英文字母過失較多。這就形成了該幣的多種版別。傳世較廣的首要有兩種：一種是五角星版式，一種是六角星版式。

The image of Sun Yat-sen in the Republic of China commemorates the founding of the People"s Republic of China with silver coins. The front central part is Sun Yat-sen"s side portrait. On the edge, there are four characters of the Chinese official script "Republic of China", five words of the "founding of the People"s Republic of China commemorative coin" in the lower part, and the left and right long branches decoration. On the back, the central part is "one circle" and "Jiahe" in Chinese Li script, while on the edge, the English words "Republic of China" and "one circle" are separated into five-pointed stars (later hexagonal stars). Linear edge teeth, weighing 26.6 grams, color 96% - 96.9%, commonly known as "small head". As the currency of the Republic of China, the currency is widely circulated and in large quantities. The silver coins commemorating the founding of the Republic of China are not all coined in the first year of the Republic of China. In the 16 and 17 years of the Republic of China, both Nanjing and Tianjin Mints were minted, but all the coins used were commemorative coins of the founding of the Republic of China. The silver coin commemorated by Sun Xiang of the Republic of China is not good at English because of different foundry factories and foundry ages. Besides the main patterns on the front and back, the details of decoration and the English letters of the coin vary, especially the errors in the English letters. This forms a variety of versions of the currency. There are mainly two kinds of formats that have been handed down widely: one is the pentagonal format and the other is the hexagonal format.

隸書「民」流即將「民」字最終一划拉長，其解釋為推翻滿清，標誌民主成功(公民出面)，也宣示乃群眾的政府。

豆、麥穗民國元年三月二日，孫中山公布暫時大總統令，對新造錢銀款式作了規則《擬另刊新模，鼓鑄紀念幣，…其他通用新幣，中心應繪五穀模型，取豐歲足民之義，垂勸農務本之規》【五穀指：稻、黍（即黃米）、稷（即穀子）、麥、菽（即豆）】。

三葉背，中心壹圓二字，而輔以嘉禾各一支，每支一穗三葉，三民主義意也（三民主義首要包含民族主義、民權主義和民生主義）。

六角星我國晚清至民國，金銀幣及銅幣上所鐫花星有梅花星，菊花星，米字星，十字星，長花星，六瓣星，五角星，六角星及圓點星等多種類別。一般鐫於鑄幣正面中央及反面，反面旁邊面兩邊，是區別鑄幣不同版其他重要依據。

The last line of the word "people" in Li Shu popular is extended, which is interpreted as overthrowing the Manchu and Qing Dynasty, symbolizing the victory of democracy (the people come to the fore), and also declaring that it is the government of the masses.

Plum blossom left and right five-petal plum blossom each, the meaning of the Five-Power Constitution is also. Then it is the national flower (five powers refer to: legislative power, judicial power, administrative power, impeachment power and examination power).

On March 2, the first year of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen promulgated a temporary presidential decree, which stipulated the new currency pattern "to publish a new model, to coin commemorative coins,". The other general purpose new coins should be modeled in the middle, taking the meaning of being rich and full of the people, and advising the rules of agriculture as the basis. [Five grain refers to rice, millet (that is, yellow rice), millet (that is, millet), wheat and tobacco (that is, soybeans)]

Three Leaves Back, one circle in the middle, supplemented by Jiahe each, each one ear and three leaves, the meaning of the Three People"s Principles is also (the Three People"s Principles mainly include nationalism, civil rights and livelihood).

From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, there are many kinds of flower stars on gold, silver and copper coins, such as plum star, chrysanthemum star, rice star, cross star, long flower star, six petals star, Pentagon star, hexagon star and dot star. Usually engraved on the front, center and back of the coin, and on both sides of the back side, is an important basis for distinguishing different editions of the coin.

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