亞洲鯉魚泛濫成災，美國人終於想出應對辦法：電暈後捕撈出售

天下 08-02

Kentucky is using "shocking" boats to show just how bad its Asian carp problem is

肯塔基州正利用「電擊」船來展示其亞洲鯉魚問題有多嚴重

來源：CNN 翻譯：世界播

Asian carp are a serious problem, and Kentucky is getting creative in dealing with the invasive species.

亞洲鯉魚是一個嚴重的問題，肯塔基州在應對這種入侵物種方面變得越來越有創意。

To show how bad the issue is, the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources used "shocking" boats to stun the carp so they"d float to the surface and could be collected and measured. Video shows countless fish leaping after the boat sent an electrical current through the water at Barkley Dam on Tuesday.

為了證明這個問題有多嚴重，肯塔基州魚類和野生動物資源部門使用「電擊」船來電暈鯉魚，使其浮到水面上，並進行收集和估量。視頻顯示，周二，這艘船在巴克利大壩發出電流後，數不清的魚從水中躍起。

Stunning fish with electricity is a common practice when it comes to counting the population or tagging them, the department explained. The stunning does not kill the fish, only temporarily shocks them so they can be counted or caught.

該部門解釋說，在統計魚類數量或給它們打上標籤時，把魚電暈是一種常見的做法。使魚昏迷不會殺死魚，只是暫時地電擊它們，以便計數或捕獲。

"It"s just to give folks an idea of how many fish we"re dealing with below the dam. We collect and try to distribute to them to buyers," said Ron Brooks, the department"s fisheries division director.

該部門漁業部門主任羅恩?布魯克斯表示：「這只是為了讓人們了解在大壩下面有多少魚要去對付。我們收集並試圖把它們分發給買家」。

These carp were stunned, harvested and sold to buyers who make fertilizer, fish bait and even food products for humans.

這些鯉魚被擊昏，捕獲後賣給買家，買家為人類製造肥料、魚餌甚至食品。

How Asian carp took over

亞洲鯉魚是如何佔領該地的

Don"t feel too bad. Asian carp are an invasive fish that were introduced to the United States by catfish farmers in the "70s.

不用感到痛心。亞洲鯉魚是一種入侵性魚類，在70年代由鯰魚養殖者引入美國。

They"ve inundated waterways along the Mississippi watershed and the Illinois and Missouri rivers. Carp populations grow at a rapid rate, and all their eating reduces the amount of food for other fish in the ecosystem.

它們已經在密西西比河流域以及伊利諾斯河和密蘇里河沿岸的水道泛濫成災。鯉魚的數量增長很快，它們的進食減少了生態系統中其他魚類的食物量。

"They were allowed to bring Asian and silver carp in to take care of algal blooms, and they used the fish and sold them to the ethnic markets, like Chinese markets," Brooks said. The four species of carp hale from Asia, averaging 8 to 10 pounds, but they vary in size, he added.

布魯克斯說：「養殖者被允許引進亞洲銀鯉，以防止藻類繁殖，他們利用這些魚，把它們賣給少數族裔市場，比如中國市場。」他還說，四種來自亞洲的鯉魚平均重8到10磅，但它們的體型各不相同。

"What they didn"t realize is that these things would escape the ponds and get into the river system quickly. It took 30 years for them to get there," Brooks said. "They were brought here for a good reason, but the folks who brought them had no idea that it would cause such a terrible problem."

「他們沒有意識到的是，這些東西會逃離池塘，迅速進入河流系統。它們花了30年到達那裡。它們被帶到這裡是出於好心，但帶來它們的人不知道會造成如此嚴重的問題。」

Carp are sensitive to noise, so when a boat motor disturbs the water, the fish leap out of the water. Silver carp can jump up to 10 feet high.

鯉魚對噪音很敏感，所以當船的馬達干擾水時，魚就會跳出水面。銀鯉能跳10英尺高。

The big fish are famous for damaging fishing boats, breaking equipment on board and even injuring boaters.

這種大魚以破壞漁船、破壞船上的設備甚至傷害船員而聞名。

"They"re the ones you hear about jumping up and hitting people and even breaking bones sometimes," Brooks said. "They spew blood and mucus as a stress response. If they land in your boat, they"ll be flopping around, and they"ll get slime around."

布魯克斯說：「你可能聽說過它們會跳起來打人，甚至造成骨折。它們會吐出血和粘液作為應激反應。如果它們落在你的船上，它們就會到處亂跳，弄得到處都是黏液。」

Kentucky"s lake tourism is at risk

肯塔基州的湖泊旅遊正處於危險之中

Kentucky and Tennessee have been working together to get the commercial fishing industry to remove Asian carp. This latest project is aiming to save Kentucky and Barkley lakes, Brooks said.

肯塔基州和田納西州一直在共同努力，讓商業捕魚業去除亞洲鯉魚。布魯克斯說，這個最新的項目旨在拯救肯塔基州和巴克利湖。

"The two lakes themselves are very important for tourism for both recreational fishing and boating," Brooks said. "It"s an industry of over a billion dollars a year for our two states. We"re trying to figure out how to remove mass amounts of Asian carp."

布魯克斯說：「這兩個湖泊本身對休閑釣魚和划船旅遊業都非常重要。對我們兩個州來說，這是一個每年超過10億美元的產業。我們正在研究如何去除大量的亞洲鯉魚。」

The wildlife department is working on an experimental project to prevent carp from entering Lake Barkley.

野生動物部門正在進行一項防止鯉魚進入巴克利湖的實驗項目。

A bio-acoustic fish fence will use bubbles, sound and light to try to redirect the noise-sensitive fish away from the lock chambers.

生物聲學魚類圍欄將使用氣泡、聲音和光來試圖將對噪音敏感的魚類從閘室中引導出來。

The barrier has been used in the Western United States and Europe to change the migration patterns of salmon, but it"s never been used on carp, Brooks said.

布魯克斯說，在美國西部和歐洲，這種屏障已經被用來改變鮭魚的遷徙模式，但從未被用於鯉魚。

If the fence works, Brooks expects a lot of other states to seek out their own as a way of controlling the carp.

布魯克斯預計，如果這種圍欄起作用，其他許多州也會尋找自己的辦法來控制鯉魚。

The other part of the mission is to get commercial fishers to catch the carp and reduce the fish population.

任務的另一部分是讓商業漁民捕捉鯉魚，減少魚類數量。

"If we can get a barrier and combine that with the commercial fishing effort, then our ability to get the carp numbers down will be sufficiently enhanced," Brooks said. "This year, we expect 5 million pounds of Asian carp, at least, to be caught."

布魯克斯說：「如果我們能夠設置一個屏障，並將其與商業捕魚活動結合起來，那麼我們減少鯉魚數量的能力將充分提高。今年，我們預計至少會捕獲500萬磅亞洲鯉魚。」

The idea is to entice fishers to the lakes to help support local tourism.

這個想法是為了吸引漁民到湖區來幫助支持當地旅遊業。

"We"re trying to save the lakes with commercial fishing and use it as a tool to save the tourism industry," he said.

他說：「我們正試圖通過商業捕魚來拯救這些湖泊，並將其作為拯救旅遊業的方式。」